Model Comparison

GPT-5.4 vs Gemma 3 1BWhich is better in 2026?

GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Verdict: GPT-5.4 vs Gemma 3 1B — which is better?

GPT-5.4 (by OpenAI) and Gemma 3 1B (by Google) are two of the AI models people compare most. Here is how they stack up on benchmarks, price and capabilities, and which one to pick in 2026.

GPT-5.4 outperforms in 1 benchmarks (GPQA), while Gemma 3 1B is better at 0 benchmarks. GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Choose GPT-5.4 if…

  • you want the strongest raw capability — it leads on 1 of 1 shared benchmarks
  • you want the most recent training data — it shipped Mar 2026

Choose Gemma 3 1B if…

  • you need open weights you can self-host or fine-tune
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Performance Benchmarks

Comparative analysis across standard metrics

1 benchmarks

GPT-5.4 outperforms in 1 benchmarks (GPQA), while Gemma 3 1B is better at 0 benchmarks.

GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Sun Jun 07 2026 • llm-stats.com

Arena Performance

Human preference votes

Context Window

Maximum input and output token capacity

Only GPT-5.4 specifies input context (1,000,000 tokens). Only GPT-5.4 specifies output context (128,000 tokens).

OpenAI
GPT-5.4
Input1,000,000 tokens
Output128,000 tokens
Google
Gemma 3 1B
Input- tokens
Output- tokens
Sun Jun 07 2026 • llm-stats.com

Input Capabilities

Supported data types and modalities

GPT-5.4 supports multimodal inputs, whereas Gemma 3 1B does not.

GPT-5.4 can handle both text and other forms of data like images, making it suitable for multimodal applications.

GPT-5.4

Text
Images
Audio
Video

Gemma 3 1B

Text
Images
Audio
Video

License

Usage and distribution terms

GPT-5.4 is licensed under a proprietary license, while Gemma 3 1B uses Gemma.

License differences may affect how you can use these models in commercial or open-source projects.

GPT-5.4

Proprietary

Closed source

Gemma 3 1B

Gemma

Open weights

Release Timeline

When each model was launched

GPT-5.4 was released on 2026-03-05, while Gemma 3 1B was released on 2025-03-12.

GPT-5.4 is 12 months newer than Gemma 3 1B.

GPT-5.4

Mar 5, 2026

3 months ago

11mo newer
Gemma 3 1B

Mar 12, 2025

1.2 years ago

Knowledge Cutoff

When training data ends

Neither model specifies a knowledge cutoff date.

Unable to compare the recency of their training data.

No cutoff dates available

Outputs Comparison

Notice missing or incorrect data?Start an Issue discussion→

Key Takeaways

OpenAI
Larger context window (1,000,000 tokens)
Supports multimodal inputs
Higher GPQA score (92.8% vs 19.2%)
Google
Has open weights

Detailed Comparison

AI Model Comparison Table
Feature
OpenAI
GPT-5.4
Google
Gemma 3 1B

FAQ

Common questions about GPT-5.4 vs Gemma 3 1B.

Which is better, GPT-5.4 or Gemma 3 1B?

GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks. GPT-5.4 is made by OpenAI and Gemma 3 1B is made by Google. The best choice depends on your use case — compare their benchmark scores, pricing, and capabilities above.

How does GPT-5.4 compare to Gemma 3 1B in benchmarks?

GPT-5.4 scores Tau2 Telecom: 98.9%, ARC-AGI: 93.7%, Graphwalks BFS <128k: 93.0%, GPQA: 92.8%, Graphwalks parents <128k: 89.8%. Gemma 3 1B scores IFEval: 80.2%, GSM8k: 62.8%, Natural2Code: 56.0%, MATH: 48.0%, HumanEval: 41.5%.

What are the context window sizes for GPT-5.4 and Gemma 3 1B?

GPT-5.4 supports 1.0M tokens and Gemma 3 1B supports an unknown number of tokens. A larger context window lets you process longer documents, conversations, or codebases in a single request.

What are the main differences between GPT-5.4 and Gemma 3 1B?

Key differences include multimodal support (yes vs no), licensing (Proprietary vs Gemma). See the full comparison above for benchmark-by-benchmark results.

Who makes GPT-5.4 and Gemma 3 1B?

GPT-5.4 is developed by OpenAI and Gemma 3 1B is developed by Google.

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