Model Comparison
GPT-5.4 vs o1-previewWhich is better in 2026?
GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks. GPT-5.4 is 4.7x cheaper per token.
Verdict: GPT-5.4 vs o1-preview — which is better?
GPT-5.4 (by OpenAI) and o1-preview (by OpenAI) are two of the AI models people compare most. Here is how they stack up on benchmarks, price and capabilities, and which one to pick in 2026.
GPT-5.4 outperforms in 1 benchmarks (GPQA), while o1-preview is better at 0 benchmarks. GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.
On price, GPT-5.4 is roughly 4.7x cheaper per token on a blended 3:1 input/output basis, which adds up quickly at production volume.
GPT-5.4 also accepts a larger context window (1,000,000 input tokens), making it the stronger choice for long documents and large codebases.
Choose GPT-5.4 if…
- you want the strongest raw capability — it leads on 1 of 1 shared benchmarks
- cost matters — it's about 4.7x cheaper per token
- you process long inputs — it offers a 1,000,000 token context window
- you want the most recent training data — it shipped Mar 2026
Choose o1-preview if…
- you want predictable pricing at $15.00/M input and $60.00/M output
Performance Benchmarks
Comparative analysis across standard metrics
GPT-5.4 outperforms in 1 benchmarks (GPQA), while o1-preview is better at 0 benchmarks.
GPT-5.4 significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.
Arena Performance
Human preference votes
Pricing Analysis
Price comparison per million tokens
For input processing, GPT-5.4 ($2.50/1M tokens) is 6.0x cheaper than o1-preview ($15.00/1M tokens).
For output processing, GPT-5.4 ($15.00/1M tokens) is 4.0x cheaper than o1-preview ($60.00/1M tokens).
In conclusion, o1-preview is more expensive than GPT-5.4.*
* Using a 3:1 ratio of input to output tokens
Context Window
Maximum input and output token capacity
GPT-5.4 accepts 1,000,000 input tokens compared to o1-preview's 128,000 tokens. GPT-5.4 can generate longer responses up to 128,000 tokens, while o1-preview is limited to 32,768 tokens.
Input Capabilities
Supported data types and modalities
GPT-5.4 supports multimodal inputs, whereas o1-preview does not.
GPT-5.4 can handle both text and other forms of data like images, making it suitable for multimodal applications.
GPT-5.4
o1-preview
License
Usage and distribution terms
Both models are licensed under proprietary licenses.
Both models have usage restrictions defined by their respective organizations.
Proprietary
Closed source
Proprietary
Closed source
Release Timeline
When each model was launched
GPT-5.4 was released on 2026-03-05, while o1-preview was released on 2024-09-12.
GPT-5.4 is 18 months newer than o1-preview.
Mar 5, 2026
3 months ago
1.5yr newerSep 12, 2024
1.7 years ago
Knowledge Cutoff
When training data ends
Neither model specifies a knowledge cutoff date.
Unable to compare the recency of their training data.
Provider Availability
GPT-5.4 is available from OpenAI. o1-preview is available from OpenAI, Azure.
GPT-5.4
o1-preview
Outputs Comparison
Key Takeaways
GPT-5.4
View detailsOpenAI
o1-preview
View detailsOpenAI
No standout differentiators in the data we have for this pair.
Detailed Comparison
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FAQ
Common questions about GPT-5.4 vs o1-preview.