Model Comparison

Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-5 nano

GPT-5 nano significantly outperforms across most benchmarks. Gemma 3 12B is 2.2x cheaper per token.

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Performance Benchmarks

Comparative analysis across standard metrics

1 benchmarks

Gemma 3 12B outperforms in 0 benchmarks, while GPT-5 nano is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA).

GPT-5 nano significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Sun May 10 2026 • llm-stats.com

Arena Performance

Human preference votes

Pricing Analysis

Price comparison per million tokens

Gemma 3 12B costs less

For input processing, Gemma 3 12B ($0.05/1M tokens) costs the same as GPT-5 nano ($0.05/1M tokens).

For output processing, Gemma 3 12B ($0.10/1M tokens) is 4.0x cheaper than GPT-5 nano ($0.40/1M tokens).

In conclusion, GPT-5 nano is more expensive than Gemma 3 12B.*

* Using a 3:1 ratio of input to output tokens

Lowest available price from all providers
Sun May 10 2026 • llm-stats.com
Google
Gemma 3 12B
Input tokens$0.05
Output tokens$0.10
Best providerDeepinfra
OpenAI
GPT-5 nano
Input tokens$0.05
Output tokens$0.40
Best providerOpenAI
Notice missing or incorrect data?Start an Issue→

Context Window

Maximum input and output token capacity

GPT-5 nano accepts 400,000 input tokens compared to Gemma 3 12B's 131,072 tokens. Gemma 3 12B can generate longer responses up to 131,072 tokens, while GPT-5 nano is limited to 128,000 tokens.

Google
Gemma 3 12B
Input131,072 tokens
Output131,072 tokens
OpenAI
GPT-5 nano
Input400,000 tokens
Output128,000 tokens
Sun May 10 2026 • llm-stats.com

Input Capabilities

Supported data types and modalities

Both Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 nano support multimodal inputs.

They are both capable of processing various types of data, offering versatility in application.

Gemma 3 12B

Text
Images
Audio
Video

GPT-5 nano

Text
Images
Audio
Video

License

Usage and distribution terms

Gemma 3 12B is licensed under Gemma, while GPT-5 nano uses a proprietary license.

License differences may affect how you can use these models in commercial or open-source projects.

Gemma 3 12B

Gemma

Open weights

GPT-5 nano

Proprietary

Closed source

Release Timeline

When each model was launched

Gemma 3 12B was released on 2025-03-12, while GPT-5 nano was released on 2025-08-07.

GPT-5 nano is 5 months newer than Gemma 3 12B.

Gemma 3 12B

Mar 12, 2025

1.2 years ago

GPT-5 nano

Aug 7, 2025

9 months ago

4mo newer

Knowledge Cutoff

When training data ends

GPT-5 nano has a documented knowledge cutoff of 2024-05-30, while Gemma 3 12B's cutoff date is not specified.

We can confirm GPT-5 nano's training data extends to 2024-05-30, but cannot make a direct comparison without Gemma 3 12B's cutoff date.

Gemma 3 12B

—

GPT-5 nano

May 2024

Provider Availability

Gemma 3 12B is available from DeepInfra. GPT-5 nano is available from OpenAI.

Gemma 3 12B

deepinfra logo
Deepinfra
Input Price:Input: $0.05/1MOutput Price:Output: $0.10/1M

GPT-5 nano

openai logo
OpenAI
Input Price:Input: $0.05/1MOutput Price:Output: $0.40/1M
* Prices shown are per million tokens

Outputs Comparison

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Key Takeaways

Google
Less expensive output tokens
Has open weights
OpenAI
Larger context window (400,000 tokens)
Higher GPQA score (71.2% vs 40.9%)

Detailed Comparison

AI Model Comparison Table
Feature
Google
Gemma 3 12B
OpenAI
GPT-5 nano

FAQ

Common questions about Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-5 nano.

Which is better, Gemma 3 12B or GPT-5 nano?

GPT-5 nano significantly outperforms across most benchmarks. Gemma 3 12B is made by Google and GPT-5 nano is made by OpenAI. The best choice depends on your use case — compare their benchmark scores, pricing, and capabilities above.

How does Gemma 3 12B compare to GPT-5 nano in benchmarks?

Gemma 3 12B scores GSM8k: 94.4%, IFEval: 88.9%, DocVQA: 87.1%, BIG-Bench Hard: 85.7%, HumanEval: 85.4%. GPT-5 nano scores AIME 2025: 85.2%, HMMT 2025: 75.6%, GPQA: 71.2%, FrontierMath: 9.6%, Humanity's Last Exam: 8.7%.

Is Gemma 3 12B cheaper than GPT-5 nano?

Both models cost $0.05 per million input tokens.

What are the context window sizes for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 nano?

Gemma 3 12B supports 131K tokens and GPT-5 nano supports 400K tokens. A larger context window lets you process longer documents, conversations, or codebases in a single request.

What are the main differences between Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 nano?

Key differences include context window (131K vs 400K), licensing (Gemma vs Proprietary). See the full comparison above for benchmark-by-benchmark results.

Who makes Gemma 3 12B and GPT-5 nano?

Gemma 3 12B is developed by Google and GPT-5 nano is developed by OpenAI.