Model Comparison

Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nanoWhich is better in 2026?

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks.

Verdict: Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nano — which is better?

Gemma 3 1B (by Google) and GPT-4.1 nano (by OpenAI) are two of the AI models people compare most. Here is how they stack up on benchmarks, price and capabilities, and which one to pick in 2026.

Gemma 3 1B outperforms in 1 benchmarks (IFEval), while GPT-4.1 nano is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA). Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks.

Choose Gemma 3 1B if…

  • you need open weights you can self-host or fine-tune

Choose GPT-4.1 nano if…

  • you want the most recent training data — it shipped Apr 2025
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Performance Benchmarks

Comparative analysis across standard metrics

2 benchmarks

Gemma 3 1B outperforms in 1 benchmarks (IFEval), while GPT-4.1 nano is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA).

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks.

Sat Jun 13 2026 • llm-stats.com

Arena Performance

Human preference votes

Context Window

Maximum input and output token capacity

Only GPT-4.1 nano specifies input context (1,047,576 tokens). Only GPT-4.1 nano specifies output context (32,768 tokens).

Google
Gemma 3 1B
Input- tokens
Output- tokens
OpenAI
GPT-4.1 nano
Input1,047,576 tokens
Output32,768 tokens
Sat Jun 13 2026 • llm-stats.com

Input Capabilities

Supported data types and modalities

GPT-4.1 nano supports multimodal inputs, whereas Gemma 3 1B does not.

GPT-4.1 nano can handle both text and other forms of data like images, making it suitable for multimodal applications.

Gemma 3 1B

Text
Images
Audio
Video

GPT-4.1 nano

Text
Images
Audio
Video

License

Usage and distribution terms

Gemma 3 1B is licensed under Gemma, while GPT-4.1 nano uses a proprietary license.

License differences may affect how you can use these models in commercial or open-source projects.

Gemma 3 1B

Gemma

Open weights

GPT-4.1 nano

Proprietary

Closed source

Release Timeline

When each model was launched

Gemma 3 1B was released on 2025-03-12, while GPT-4.1 nano was released on 2025-04-14.

GPT-4.1 nano is 1 month newer than Gemma 3 1B.

Gemma 3 1B

Mar 12, 2025

1.3 years ago

GPT-4.1 nano

Apr 14, 2025

1.2 years ago

1mo newer

Knowledge Cutoff

When training data ends

GPT-4.1 nano has a documented knowledge cutoff of 2024-05-31, while Gemma 3 1B's cutoff date is not specified.

We can confirm GPT-4.1 nano's training data extends to 2024-05-31, but cannot make a direct comparison without Gemma 3 1B's cutoff date.

Gemma 3 1B

—

GPT-4.1 nano

May 2024

Outputs Comparison

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Key Takeaways

Google
Has open weights
Higher IFEval score (80.2% vs 74.5%)
OpenAI
Larger context window (1,047,576 tokens)
Supports multimodal inputs
Higher GPQA score (50.3% vs 19.2%)

Detailed Comparison

AI Model Comparison Table
Feature
Google
Gemma 3 1B
OpenAI
GPT-4.1 nano

FAQ

Common questions about Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nano.

Which is better, Gemma 3 1B or GPT-4.1 nano?

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks. Gemma 3 1B is made by Google and GPT-4.1 nano is made by OpenAI. The best choice depends on your use case — compare their benchmark scores, pricing, and capabilities above.

How does Gemma 3 1B compare to GPT-4.1 nano in benchmarks?

Gemma 3 1B scores IFEval: 80.2%, GSM8k: 62.8%, Natural2Code: 56.0%, MATH: 48.0%, HumanEval: 41.5%. GPT-4.1 nano scores MMLU: 80.1%, IFEval: 74.5%, CharXiv-D: 73.9%, MMMLU: 66.9%, Multi-IF: 57.2%.

What are the context window sizes for Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemma 3 1B supports an unknown number of tokens and GPT-4.1 nano supports 1.0M tokens. A larger context window lets you process longer documents, conversations, or codebases in a single request.

What are the main differences between Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Key differences include multimodal support (no vs yes), licensing (Gemma vs Proprietary). See the full comparison above for benchmark-by-benchmark results.

Who makes Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemma 3 1B is developed by Google and GPT-4.1 nano is developed by OpenAI.

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