Model Comparison

Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nano

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks.

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Performance Benchmarks

Comparative analysis across standard metrics

2 benchmarks

Gemma 3 1B outperforms in 1 benchmarks (IFEval), while GPT-4.1 nano is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA).

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks.

Fri May 15 2026 • llm-stats.com

Arena Performance

Human preference votes

Context Window

Maximum input and output token capacity

Only GPT-4.1 nano specifies input context (1,047,576 tokens). Only GPT-4.1 nano specifies output context (32,768 tokens).

Google
Gemma 3 1B
Input- tokens
Output- tokens
OpenAI
GPT-4.1 nano
Input1,047,576 tokens
Output32,768 tokens
Fri May 15 2026 • llm-stats.com

Input Capabilities

Supported data types and modalities

GPT-4.1 nano supports multimodal inputs, whereas Gemma 3 1B does not.

GPT-4.1 nano can handle both text and other forms of data like images, making it suitable for multimodal applications.

Gemma 3 1B

Text
Images
Audio
Video

GPT-4.1 nano

Text
Images
Audio
Video

License

Usage and distribution terms

Gemma 3 1B is licensed under Gemma, while GPT-4.1 nano uses a proprietary license.

License differences may affect how you can use these models in commercial or open-source projects.

Gemma 3 1B

Gemma

Open weights

GPT-4.1 nano

Proprietary

Closed source

Release Timeline

When each model was launched

Gemma 3 1B was released on 2025-03-12, while GPT-4.1 nano was released on 2025-04-14.

GPT-4.1 nano is 1 month newer than Gemma 3 1B.

Gemma 3 1B

Mar 12, 2025

1.2 years ago

GPT-4.1 nano

Apr 14, 2025

1.1 years ago

1mo newer

Knowledge Cutoff

When training data ends

GPT-4.1 nano has a documented knowledge cutoff of 2024-05-31, while Gemma 3 1B's cutoff date is not specified.

We can confirm GPT-4.1 nano's training data extends to 2024-05-31, but cannot make a direct comparison without Gemma 3 1B's cutoff date.

Gemma 3 1B

—

GPT-4.1 nano

May 2024

Outputs Comparison

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Key Takeaways

Google
Has open weights
Higher IFEval score (80.2% vs 74.5%)
OpenAI
Larger context window (1,047,576 tokens)
Supports multimodal inputs
Higher GPQA score (50.3% vs 19.2%)

Detailed Comparison

AI Model Comparison Table
Feature
Google
Gemma 3 1B
OpenAI
GPT-4.1 nano

FAQ

Common questions about Gemma 3 1B vs GPT-4.1 nano.

Which is better, Gemma 3 1B or GPT-4.1 nano?

Both models are evenly matched across the benchmarks. Gemma 3 1B is made by Google and GPT-4.1 nano is made by OpenAI. The best choice depends on your use case — compare their benchmark scores, pricing, and capabilities above.

How does Gemma 3 1B compare to GPT-4.1 nano in benchmarks?

Gemma 3 1B scores IFEval: 80.2%, GSM8k: 62.8%, Natural2Code: 56.0%, MATH: 48.0%, HumanEval: 41.5%. GPT-4.1 nano scores MMLU: 80.1%, IFEval: 74.5%, CharXiv-D: 73.9%, MMMLU: 66.9%, Multi-IF: 57.2%.

What are the context window sizes for Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemma 3 1B supports an unknown number of tokens and GPT-4.1 nano supports 1.0M tokens. A larger context window lets you process longer documents, conversations, or codebases in a single request.

What are the main differences between Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Key differences include multimodal support (no vs yes), licensing (Gemma vs Proprietary). See the full comparison above for benchmark-by-benchmark results.

Who makes Gemma 3 1B and GPT-4.1 nano?

Gemma 3 1B is developed by Google and GPT-4.1 nano is developed by OpenAI.