Model Comparison

Gemma 4 12B vs o1-proWhich is better in 2026?

o1-pro significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Verdict: Gemma 4 12B vs o1-pro — which is better?

Gemma 4 12B (by Google) and o1-pro (by OpenAI) are two of the AI models people compare most. Here is how they stack up on benchmarks, price and capabilities, and which one to pick in 2026.

Gemma 4 12B outperforms in 0 benchmarks, while o1-pro is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA). o1-pro significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Choose Gemma 4 12B if…

  • you want the most recent training data — it shipped May 2026
  • you need open weights you can self-host or fine-tune

Choose o1-pro if…

  • you want the strongest raw capability — it leads on 1 of 1 shared benchmarks

Performance Benchmarks

Comparative analysis across standard metrics

1 benchmarks

Gemma 4 12B outperforms in 0 benchmarks, while o1-pro is better at 1 benchmark (GPQA).

o1-pro significantly outperforms across most benchmarks.

Sat Jul 25 2026 • llm-stats.com

Arena Performance

Human preference votes

Input Capabilities

Supported data types and modalities

Both Gemma 4 12B and o1-pro support multimodal inputs.

They are both capable of processing various types of data, offering versatility in application.

Gemma 4 12B

Text
Images
Audio
Video

o1-pro

Text
Images
Audio
Video

License

Usage and distribution terms

Gemma 4 12B is licensed under Apache 2.0, while o1-pro uses a proprietary license.

License differences may affect how you can use these models in commercial or open-source projects.

Gemma 4 12B

Apache 2.0

Open weights

o1-pro

Proprietary

Closed source

Release Timeline

When each model was launched

Gemma 4 12B was released on 2026-05-23, while o1-pro was released on 2024-12-17.

Gemma 4 12B is 17 months newer than o1-pro.

Gemma 4 12B

May 23, 2026

2 months ago

1.4yr newer
o1-pro

Dec 17, 2024

1.6 years ago

Knowledge Cutoff

When training data ends

Gemma 4 12B has a knowledge cutoff of 2025-01-01, while o1-pro has a cutoff of 2023-09-30.

Gemma 4 12B has more recent training data (up to 2025-01-01), making it potentially better informed about events through that date compared to o1-pro (2023-09-30).

Gemma 4 12B

Jan 2025

1.3 yr newer
o1-pro

Sep 2023

Outputs Comparison

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Key Takeaways

Google
Has open weights
OpenAI
Higher GPQA score (79.0% vs 78.8%)

Detailed Comparison

Interactive Arena

Judge for yourself.

Run your own prompts against Gemma 4 12B and o1-pro side-by-side, then vote on the output you prefer.

Gemma 4 12B
✓ Preferred
o1-pro
Open in Playground
AI Model Comparison Table
Feature
Google
Gemma 4 12B
OpenAI
o1-pro

FAQ

Common questions about Gemma 4 12B vs o1-pro.

Which is better, Gemma 4 12B or o1-pro?

o1-pro significantly outperforms across most benchmarks. Gemma 4 12B is made by Google and o1-pro is made by OpenAI. The best choice depends on your use case — compare their benchmark scores, pricing, and capabilities above.

How does Gemma 4 12B compare to o1-pro in benchmarks?

Gemma 4 12B scores FLEURS: 93.1%, MMMLU: 83.4%, MathVision: 79.7%, GPQA: 78.8%, AIME 2026: 77.5%. o1-pro scores AIME 2024: 86.0%, GPQA: 79.0%.

What are the main differences between Gemma 4 12B and o1-pro?

Key differences include licensing (Apache 2.0 vs Proprietary). See the full comparison above for benchmark-by-benchmark results.

Who makes Gemma 4 12B and o1-pro?

Gemma 4 12B is developed by Google and o1-pro is developed by OpenAI.

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